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If you are travelling to Italy from China and you are 6 years or older, you will need to either provide a certificate confirming a negative COVID-19 test result before departure or be tested on arrival. Go to the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs website for full details. COVID-related entry restrictions for other passengers have been lifted. We advise: Exercise a high degree of caution in Italy due to the strained health care system.  

We are aware of demonstrations and violent protests in and around the city of Santa Cruz. There are reports that air and road travel are being affected in the city. We advise you to check with local authorities before attempting to travel to and from the airport. We advise: Exercise a high degree of caution in Bolivia overall because of ongoing political and social tensions and the risk of serious crime.

On 25 December 2022, the US Government warned its citizens of information that unknown individuals are possibly planning an attack at the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad during the holidays. Heightened security arrangements are in place and public events have been banned. Australian officials in Islamabad have been advised to increase vigilance and limit travel within the city. You should exercise heightened vigilance and monitor the media for latest updates (See ‘Safety’). We advise: Reconsider your need to travel to Pakistan overall due to the volatile security situation and high threat of terrorist attack, kidnapping and violence. Higher levels apply in some areas.

Sudan's political situation remains unstable despite the framework agreement signed between the military and civilian parties on 5 December. Large scale protests continue to take place across the country. There's reports of violence against protestors, including arbitrary arrests and deaths. Avoid all demonstrations and remain vigilant. Khartoum International Airport is open, however commercial flights may be limited. Internet and mobile services remain unreliable. You should limit your movements and avoid non-essential travel. Monitor media coverage and follow the advice of local authorities (see 'Safety'). We advise: Reconsider your need to travel to Sudan overall due to ongoing civil unrest and the threat of terrorist attack.

We've reviewed our advice for Iran. We continue to advise do not travel to Iran. Protests continue around the country, and protesters and bystanders have been detained or killed. There's been an increase in the number of foreign nationals arrested. Avoid all protest activity and monitor media for possible threats. If you're in Iran, you should leave. Airlines may cancel or reduce their operations at short notice. We continue to advise: Do not travel to Iran as there's a high risk you could be arbitrarily detained or arrested. Nationwide protests are ongoing and causing significant disruption. 

Non-Hong Kong residents aged 12 or above must be fully vaccinated or have obtained a medical exemption certificate to enter Hong Kong. You'll need to complete the online health declaration and declare a negative COVID-19 (RAT) test issued within 24 hours of boarding your flight. You no longer need to quarantine in a designated hotel on arrival in Hong Kong, but you'll be subject to 5 days of self-monitoring. On arrival and during the self-monitoring period, you'll be required to take daily COVID-19 RAT tests and a PCR test on day two. Dual citizenship is no longer recognised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region following the application of the Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China (see 'Local laws'). As previously advised, Hong Kong's National Security Law could be interpreted broadly, and you could break the law without intending to. If you're concerned about the new law, reconsider your need to remain in Hong Kong (see 'Loca...